Nonparametric instrumental variable (NPIV) estimation is a cutting‐edge methodological framework employed to uncover causal relationships in the presence of endogenous regressors, without imposing ...

This paper establishes that instruments enable the identification of nonparametric regression models in the presence of measurement error by providing a closed form ...

Two-stage least squares estimation is popular for structural equation models with unmeasured confounders. In such models, both the outcome and the exposure are assumed to follow linear models ...