The bacterial type IV secretion system (T4SS) is a complex, macromolecular nanomachine that is responsible for the translocation of genetic material and effector proteins from the cytosol into target ...

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The detailed structure of glass has always been a mystery in science. A research team has now discovered that the amorphous and crystalline metallic glass have the same structural building blocks. And ...

Glass is one of the most common subjects we see every day, but the detailed structure of this non-metallic and non-liquid material has always been a major mystery in science. A research team co-led by ...

Structural biology is used to understand the three-dimensional shape of biological molecules and how their shape enables them to function both inside and outside of cells. Furthermore, the ...